What is Spinal Cord Injury?
A spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious and life-changing condition that occurs when there is damage to the spinal cord, which is the bundle of nerves that carries messages between the brain and the rest of the body. SCI can result in a range of physical and neurological symptoms, depending on the severity and location of the injury.
Types of Spinal Cord Injury
There are two main types of SCI: complete and incomplete. A complete SCI means that there is no movement or sensation below the level of the injury, while an incomplete SCI means that there is some movement or sensation below the level of the injury.
SCI is also classified by the level of the injury, which is determined by the location of the injury on the spinal cord. Injuries can occur anywhere from the neck (cervical spine) to the lower back (lumbar spine). The higher the level of the injury, the more severe the symptoms are likely to be.
Causes of Spinal Cord Injury
SCI can be caused by a variety of factors, including trauma (such as car accidents or falls), disease (such as cancer or spinal cord tumours), and congenital conditions (such as spina bifida).
Symptoms of Spinal Cord Injury
The symptoms of SCI depend on the severity and location of the injury. Some common symptoms may include:
- Loss of movement or sensation in the affected body parts
- Difficulty breathing or speaking
- Chronic pain
- Loss of bladder or bowel control
- Difficulty with balance and coordination
- Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury
Treatment for SCI typically includes a combination of medical and rehabilitation therapies. Medical treatment may include medications to control pain and other symptoms, as well as surgery to repair any damaged vertebrae or other structures in the spine. Rehabilitation therapies may include physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech therapy to help patients regain function and improve their quality of life.
Living with Spinal Cord Injury
SCI can be a challenging and life-changing condition, but with the right support and treatment, it is possible to live a full and meaningful life. Support from family, friends, and medical professionals can be crucial in helping individuals with SCI navigate the challenges of living with a spinal cord injury. Adaptive technologies and devices, such as wheelchairs, can also make a big difference in helping individuals with SCI live independently and participate in their communities.